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Megalopolis (city type)
A megalopolis (sometimes called a megapolis; also megaregion, or supercity) is typically defined as a chain of roughly adjacent metropolitan areas. The term was used by Patrick Geddes in his 1915 book ''Cities in Evolution'', by Oswald Spengler in his 1918 book, ''The Decline of the West'', and Lewis Mumford in his 1938 book, ''The Culture of Cities'', which described it as the first stage in urban overdevelopment and social decline. Later, it was used by Jean Gottmann in 1954, to describe the chain of metropolitan areas along the northeastern seaboard of the U.S. extending from Boston, Massachusetts through New York City, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and ending in Washington, D.C. and Northern Virginia. The latter is sometimes called the "BosWash megalopolis".
==Definitions==
''Megalopolis'' is a Western deformation of the Greek word that derived from - 'great' and - 'city', therefore literally a 'great city'. This term is closer in meaning to ''megacity''. Because in Greek, πόλις is feminine, the correct term is megalopolis.
A ''megalopolis'', also known as a ''megaregion'', is a clustered network of cities. Gottmann defined its population as 25 million. Doxiadis defined a small megalopolis a similar cluster with a population of about 10 million.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Megaregions )〕〔(Cities: Capital for the New Megalopolis ).''Time magazine'', November 4, 1966. Retrieved on July 19, 2010.〕 America 2050,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=About Us - America 2050 )〕 a program of the (Regional Plan Association ), lists 11 megaregions in the United States and Canada.〔 Literally, megalopolis in Greek means a city of exaggerated size where the prefix ''megalo-'' represents a quantity of exaggerated size.〔(Definition of the prefix megalo- ). The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition copyright ©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.〕 Megapolitan areas were explored in a July 2005 report by Robert E. Lang and Dawn Dhavale of the Metropolitan Institute at Virginia Tech.〔http://www.mi.vt.edu/uploads/megacensusreport.pdf "Beyond Megalopolis" by the Metropolitan Institute at Virginia Tech〕 A later 2007 article by Lang and Nelson uses 20 megapolitan areas grouped into 10 megaregions.〔http://www.surdna.org/usr_doc/The_Rise_of_the_Megapolitans.pdf〕 The concept is based on the original Megalopolis model.〔
Modern interlinked ground transportation corridors, such as rail and highway, often aid in the development of megalopolises. Using these commuter passageways to travel throughout the megalopolis is informally called ''megaloping''. This term was coined by Davide Gadren and Stefan Berteau.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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